Prolactin
From Health Facts
Latest Edit: Hector 2014-03-24 (EDT)
See Also | Lab Tests |
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The prolactin test is used to determine whether an individual's prolactin levels are higher than normal. It is commonly done in the assessment of fertility concerns or with amenorrhea.[1], [2]
Discussion
- Prolactin is a hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland and its primary role is to promote lactation or breast milk production.
- Prolactin levels are therefore usually high throughout pregnancy and just after childbirth.
- Men and non-pregnant women have only small amounts of prolactin in their blood.
Patient Preparation
- Fasting is preferred.
- Factors which can cause increased levels:
- Stresses from illness, Trauma, Fear of having blood test done
Clinical Implications
High levels indicate:
- Prolactinoma
- Anorexia nervosa
- Hypothalamic diseases
- Hypothyroidism
- Kidney disease
- Nipple stimulation (moderate increase)
- Other pituitary tumors and diseases
- Polycystic ovarian syndrome
Low levels indicate:
- Hypopituitarism
- Drugs such as dopamine, levodopa, and ergot alkaloid derivatives
Associated Tests
References
- ↑ Pagana Kathleen D, Pagana Timothy J (2006) Mosby's Manual of Diagnostic and Laboratory Tests, Mosby.
- ↑ Weatherby Dicken, Ferguson Scott (2002) Blood Chemistry and CBC Analysis: Clinical Laboratory Testing from a Functional Perspective, Bear Mountain.